The history of a demonic tradition that was stolen from women and then won back again.
‘The harpy’, ‘the siren’, ‘the temptress’ these are familiar female archetypes used to negatively define women, yet the root of these figures can be traced back 4,000 years. In their earliest incarnations, they were in fact demons worshipped and feared by women- Lamashtu, the horrific talon-footed, serpentine monster, who strangled infants and murdered pregnant women, and Lilitu, the ghost of a girl who had died a virgin and so killed expectant mothers and their babies out of jealousy.
This history of a demonic tradition from ancient Mesopotamia to the present day from Lamashtu and Lilitu, to Lamia and Lilith, and mermaids and vampires shows how these demons were co-opted by a male-centred society, before being recast again as symbols of women’s liberation. We also learn what this evolution can tell us about the experience of women and womanhood- the danger of childbirth, changing attitudes towards sexuality and the movement for women’s rights.

Sarah Clegg has a PhD in the ancient history of Mesopotamia from Cambridge University, and reads Sumerian, Akkadian, Arabic, Greek and Latin. Her fascination with Lamashtu began with her BA thesis at Oxford. She has been researching these monsters and their demonic tradition ever since. Clegg was selected as one of the 2020/21 cohort of the London Library Emerging Writers Programme. She is passionate about bringing ancient history to a wider audience, and has run courses for adults and children about history and ancient languages. She lives in London.